98TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2013 and 2014
SB3121

 

Introduced 2/7/2014, by Sen. Dave Syverson

 

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
 
415 ILCS 5/3.386 new
415 ILCS 5/3.388 new
415 ILCS 5/9.4  from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4
415 ILCS 5/22.16b  from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b

    Amends the Environmental Protection Act. Changes the definition of "municipal waste incineration" to exclude the combustion of certain materials that might otherwise qualify as municipal waste. Makes, as a result, the Act's municipal waste incineration emission standards inapplicable to facilities where those waste-derived materials are combusted. Authorizes the Illinois Pollution Control Board to determine, based solely on certain federal standards, which of these waste-derived materials do not qualify as municipal waste. Effective immediately.


LRB098 19700 MGM 54910 b

 

 

A BILL FOR

 

SB3121LRB098 19700 MGM 54910 b

1    AN ACT concerning safety.
 
2    Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3represented in the General Assembly:
 
4    Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by
5changing Sections 9.4 and 22.16b and by adding Sections 3.386
6and 3.388 as follows:
 
7    (415 ILCS 5/3.386 new)
8    Sec. 3.386. Refuse-derived fuel. "Refuse-derived fuel"
9means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing
10municipal solid waste through shredding and size
11classification. "Refuse-derived fuel" includes all classes of
12refuse-derived fuel ranging in density from low-density fluff
13refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse-derived fuel and
14pelletized refuse-derived fuel. "Refuse-derived fuel" shall
15not include bio-derived fuels.
 
16    (415 ILCS 5/3.388 new)
17    Sec. 3.388. Bio-derived fuel. "Bio-derived fuel" means any
18fuel produced from biomass, solid waste, or mixtures thereof,
19by using a carbonization, pyrolysis, or gasification process to
20alter the chemical composition of the end product by:
21    (a) reducing the moisture content to less than 2% by
22weight;

 

 

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1    (b) increasing the heating value to at least 9,500 Btus/lb;
2    (c) increasing the energy density to at least 250,000
3Btus/cubic foot; or
4    (d) removing substantial amounts of sulfur and chlorine.
 
5    (415 ILCS 5/9.4)  (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4)
6    Sec. 9.4. Municipal waste incineration emission standards.
7    (a) The General Assembly finds:
8        (1) That air pollution from municipal waste
9    incineration may constitute a threat to public health,
10    welfare and the environment. The amounts and kinds of
11    pollutants depend on the nature of the waste stream,
12    operating conditions of the incinerator, and the
13    effectiveness of emission controls. Under normal operating
14    conditions, municipal waste incinerators produce
15    pollutants such as organic compounds, metallic compounds
16    and acid gases which may be a threat to public health,
17    welfare and the environment.
18        (2) That a combustion and flue-gas control system,
19    which is properly designed, operated and maintained, can
20    substantially reduce the emissions of organic materials,
21    metallic compounds and acid gases from municipal waste
22    incineration.
23    (b) It is the purpose of this Section to insure that
24emissions from new municipal waste incineration facilities
25which burn a total of 25 tons or more of municipal waste per

 

 

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1day are adequately controlled.
2    Such facilities shall be subject to emissions limits and
3operating standards based upon the application of Best
4Available Control Technology, as determined by the Agency, for
5emissions of the following categories of pollutants:
6        (1) particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
7    oxides;
8        (2) acid gases;
9        (3) heavy metals; and
10        (4) organic materials.
11    (c) The Agency shall issue permits, pursuant to Section 39,
12to new municipal waste incineration facilities only if the
13Agency finds that such facilities are designed, constructed and
14operated so as to comply with the requirements prescribed by
15this Section.
16    Prior to adoption of Board regulations under subsection (d)
17of this Section the Agency may issue permits for the
18construction of new municipal waste incineration facilities.
19The Agency determination of Best Available Control Technology
20shall be based upon consideration of the specific pollutants
21named in subsection (d), and emissions of particulate matter,
22sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
23    Nothing in this Section shall limit the applicability of
24any other Sections of this Act, or of other standards or
25regulations adopted by the Board, to municipal waste
26incineration facilities. In issuing such permits, the Agency

 

 

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1may prescribe those conditions necessary to assure continuing
2compliance with the emission limits and operating standards
3determined pursuant to subsection (b); such conditions may
4include the monitoring and reporting of emissions.
5    (d) Within one year after July 1, 1986, the Board shall
6adopt regulations pursuant to Title VII of this Act, which
7define the terms in items (2), (3) and (4) of subsection (b) of
8this Section which are to be used by the Agency in making its
9determination pursuant to this Section. The provisions of
10Section 27(b) of this Act shall not apply to this rulemaking.
11    Such regulations shall be written so that the categories of
12pollutants include, but need not be limited to, the following
13specific pollutants:
14        (1) hydrogen chloride in the definition of acid gases;
15        (2) arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, nickel and
16    lead in the definition of heavy metals; and
17        (3) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated
18    dibenzofurans and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the
19    definition of organic materials.
20    (e) For the purposes of this Section, the term "Best
21Available Control Technology" means an emission limitation
22(including a visible emission standard) based on the maximum
23degree of pollutant reduction which the Agency, on a
24case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental
25and economic impacts, determines is achievable through the
26application of production processes or available methods,

 

 

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1systems and techniques, including fuel cleaning or treatment or
2innovative fuel combustion techniques. If the Agency
3determines that technological or economic limitations on the
4application of measurement methodology to a particular class of
5sources would make the imposition of an emission standard not
6feasible, it may instead prescribe a design, equipment, work
7practice or operational standard, or combination thereof, to
8require the application of best available control technology.
9Such standard shall, to the degree possible, set forth the
10emission reduction achievable by implementation of such
11design, equipment, work practice or operation and shall provide
12for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.
13    (f) "Municipal waste incineration" means the burning of
14municipal waste or fuel derived therefrom in a combustion
15apparatus designed to burn municipal waste that may produce
16electricity or steam as a by-product. A "new municipal waste
17incinerator" is an incinerator initially permitted for
18development or construction after January 1, 1986. For the
19purposes of this Section, "municipal waste incineration" does
20not include the burning of any fuel considered "bio-derived
21fuel" under Section 3.386 of this Act. For the purposes of this
22Section, municipal waste and fuel derived from municipal waste
23do not include non-hazardous secondary material that is
24excluded from solid waste when used legitimately as a fuel or
25an ingredient in a combustion unit in accordance with the
26standards and criteria set forth in 40 CFR Part 241. The

 

 

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1determination of whether a material is a solid waste pursuant
2to the standards and criteria in Part 241 shall be obtained
3from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
4in accordance with the procedures for USEPA determinations at
540 CFR Part 241 or from the Board. For the purposes of this
6Section, the determinations shall apply only to non-hazardous
7secondary materials pursuant to Part 241 that are also
8municipal waste pursuant to Section 3.290 of this Act. For
9waste determinations made by the Board under this subsection
10(f), the Board shall make the waste determinations in
11accordance with the standards and criteria for discarded
12non-hazardous secondary materials as provided at 40 CFR Part
13241.
14    (g) The provisions of this Section shall not apply to
15industrial incineration facilities that burn waste generated
16at the same site.
17(Source: P.A. 91-357, eff. 7-29-99; 92-574, eff. 6-26-02.)
 
18    (415 ILCS 5/22.16b)  (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1022.16b)
19    Sec. 22.16b. (a) Beginning January 1, 1991, the Agency
20shall assess and collect a fee from the owner or operator of
21each new municipal waste incinerator. The fee shall be
22calculated by applying the rates established from time to time
23for the disposal of solid waste at sanitary landfills under
24subdivision (b)(1) of Section 22.15 to the total amount of
25municipal waste accepted for incineration at the new municipal

 

 

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1waste incinerator. The exemptions provided by this Act to the
2fees imposed under subsection (b) of Section 22.15 shall not
3apply to the fee imposed by this Section.
4    The owner or operator of any new municipal waste
5incinerator permitted after January 1, 1990, but before July 1,
61990 by the Agency for the development or operation of a new
7municipal waste incinerator shall be exempt from this fee, but
8shall include the following conditions:
9        (1) The owner or operator shall provide information
10    programs to those communities serviced by the owner or
11    operator concerning recycling and separation of waste not
12    suitable for incineration.
13        (2) The owner or operator shall provide information
14    programs to those communities serviced by the owner or
15    operator concerning the Agency's household hazardous waste
16    collection program and participation in that program.
17    For the purposes of this Section, "new municipal waste
18incinerator" means a municipal waste incinerator initially
19permitted for development or construction on or after January
201, 1990. A municipal waste incinerator qualifies as a municipal
21waste incineration facility under Section 9.4 of this Act.
22    Amounts collected under this subsection shall be deposited
23into the Municipal Waste Incinerator Tax Fund, which is hereby
24established as an interest-bearing special fund in the State
25Treasury. Monies in the Fund may be used, subject to
26appropriation:

 

 

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1        (1) by the Department of Commerce and Economic
2    Opportunity to fund its public information programs on
3    recycling in those communities served by new municipal
4    waste incinerators; and
5        (2) by the Agency to fund its household hazardous waste
6    collection activities in those communities served by new
7    municipal waste incinerators.
8    (b) Any permit issued by the Agency for the development or
9operation of a new municipal waste incinerator shall include
10the following conditions:
11        (1) The incinerator must be designed to provide
12    continuous monitoring while in operation, with direct
13    transmission of the resultant data to the Agency, until the
14    Agency determines the best available control technology
15    for monitoring the data. The Agency shall establish the
16    test methods, procedures and averaging periods, as
17    certified by the USEPA for solid waste incinerator units,
18    and the form and frequency of reports containing results of
19    the monitoring. Compliance and enforcement shall be based
20    on such reports. Copies of the results of such monitoring
21    shall be maintained on file at the facility concerned for
22    one year, and copies shall be made available for inspection
23    and copying by interested members of the public during
24    business hours.
25        (2) The facility shall comply with the emission limits
26    adopted by the Agency under subsection (c).

 

 

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1        (3) The operator of the facility shall take reasonable
2    measures to ensure that waste accepted for incineration
3    complies with all legal requirements for incineration. The
4    incinerator operator shall establish contractual
5    requirements or other notification and inspection
6    procedures sufficient to assure compliance with this
7    subsection (b)(3) which may include, but not be limited to,
8    routine inspections of waste, lists of acceptable and
9    unacceptable waste provided to haulers and notification to
10    the Agency when the facility operator rejects and sends
11    loads away. The notification shall contain at least the
12    name of the hauler and the site from where the load was
13    hauled.
14        (4) The operator may not accept for incineration any
15    waste generated or collected in a municipality that has not
16    implemented a recycling plan or is party to an implemented
17    county plan, consistent with State goals and objectives.
18    Such plans shall include provisions for collecting,
19    recycling or diverting from landfills and municipal
20    incinerators landscape waste, household hazardous waste
21    and batteries. Such provisions may be performed at the site
22    of the new municipal incinerator.
23    The Agency, after careful scrutiny of a permit application
24for the construction, development or operation of a new
25municipal waste incinerator, shall deny the permit if (i) the
26Agency finds in the permit application noncompliance with the

 

 

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1laws and rules of the State or (ii) the application indicates
2that the mandated air emissions standards will not be reached
3within six months of the proposed municipal waste incinerator
4beginning operation.
5    (c) The Agency shall adopt specific limitations on the
6emission of mercury, chromium, cadmium and lead, and good
7combustion practices, including temperature controls from
8municipal waste incinerators pursuant to Section 9.4 of the
9Act.
10    (d) The Agency shall establish household hazardous waste
11collection centers in appropriate places in this State. The
12Agency may operate and maintain the centers itself or may
13contract with other parties for that purpose. The Agency shall
14ensure that the wastes collected are properly disposed of. The
15collection centers may charge fees for their services, not to
16exceed the costs incurred. Such collection centers shall not
17(i) be regulated as hazardous waste facilities under RCRA nor
18(ii) be subject to local siting approval under Section 39.2 if
19the local governing authority agrees to waive local siting
20approval procedures.
21(Source: P.A. 94-793, eff. 5-19-06.)
 
22    Section 99. Effective date. This Act takes effect upon
23becoming law.