SB3585 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY

LRB104 18639 RTM 32082 b

104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2025 and 2026
SB3585

Introduced 2/5/2026, by Sen. Sue Rezin

SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:

55 ILCS 5/5-12020
55 ILCS 5/5-12024

Amends the Counties Code. Provides that a county may not approve the siting of a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, an energy storage facility, or a combination thereof in an unincorporated area that is located within a 3-mile radius of a municipality, if: (1) the municipality has not approved the siting of the facility or facilities at that location; (2) the county board or the corporate authorities of the municipality have determined that any portion of the facility or facilities will be located on land with a Soil Productivity Index that is greater than or equal to 90; or (3) the county board or the corporate authorities of the municipality have determined that the owners or operators of the facility or facilities have failed to comply with one or more National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements for the site. Provides that the provisions apply regardless of whether the municipality has adopted zoning ordinances or is regulating wind farms and electric-generating wind devices under specified provisions of the Illinois Municipal Code. Requires each commercial solar energy facility to have the minimum number of fire hydrants required by ordinances governing the servicing fire department or fire protection district or, if there are no requirements by ordinances governing the servicing fire department or fire protection district, then the minimum number required by the county board. Allows a county to require a commercial solar energy facility to be sited at least 500 feet to the nearest point on the property line of the nonparticipating zoned residential. Provides that a county shall require an energy storage system to be sited at least 500 feet to the nearest point on the property line of the nonparticipating zoned residential. Effective January 1, 2027.

A BILL FOR

AN ACT concerning local government.

Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly:

Section 5. The Counties Code is amended by changing Sections 5-12020 and 5-12024 as follows:

(55 ILCS 5/5-12020)

(Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 104-458)

Sec. 5-12020. Commercial wind energy facilities and commercial solar energy facilities.

(a) As used in this Section:

"Commercial solar energy facility" means a "commercial solar energy system" as defined in Section 10-720 of the Property Tax Code. "Commercial solar energy facility" does not mean a utility-scale solar energy facility being constructed at a site that was eligible to participate in a procurement event conducted by the Illinois Power Agency pursuant to subsection (c-5) of Section 1-75 of the Illinois Power Agency Act.

"Commercial wind energy facility" means a wind energy conversion facility of equal or greater than 500 kilowatts in total nameplate generating capacity. "Commercial wind energy facility" includes a wind energy conversion facility seeking an extension of a permit to construct granted by a county or municipality before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123).

"Facility owner" means (i) a person with a direct ownership interest in a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or both, regardless of whether the person is involved in acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or otherwise planning for the construction and operation of the facility, and (ii) at the time the facility is being developed, a person who is acting as a developer of the facility by acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or by planning for the construction and operation of the facility, regardless of whether the person will own or operate the facility.

"Nonparticipating property" means real property that is not a participating property.

"Nonparticipating residence" means a residence that is located on nonparticipating property and that is existing and occupied on the date that an application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county.

"Occupied community building" means any one or more of the following buildings that is existing and occupied on the date that the application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county: a school, place of worship, day care facility, public library, or community center.

"Participating property" means real property that is the subject of a written agreement between a facility owner and the owner of the real property that provides the facility owner an easement, option, lease, or license to use the real property for the purpose of constructing a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, or supporting facilities. "Participating property" also includes real property that is owned by a facility owner for the purpose of constructing a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, or supporting facilities.

"Participating residence" means a residence that is located on participating property and that is existing and occupied on the date that an application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county.

"Protected lands" means real property that is:

(1) subject to a permanent conservation right consistent with the Real Property Conservation Rights Act; or

(2) registered or designated as a nature preserve, buffer, or land and water reserve under the Illinois Natural Areas Preservation Act.

"Supporting facilities" means the transmission lines, substations, access roads, meteorological towers, storage containers, and equipment associated with the generation and storage of electricity by the commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility.

"Wind tower" includes the wind turbine tower, nacelle, and blades.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law or whether the county has formed a zoning commission and adopted formal zoning under Section 5-12007, a county may establish standards for commercial wind energy facilities, commercial solar energy facilities, or both. The standards may include all of the requirements specified in this Section but may not include requirements for commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities that are more restrictive than specified in this Section. A county may also regulate the siting of commercial wind energy facilities with standards that are not more restrictive than the requirements specified in this Section in unincorporated areas of the county that are outside the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality and that are outside the 1.5-mile radius surrounding the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality.

(c) If a county has elected to establish standards under subsection (b), before the county grants siting approval or a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or modification of an approved siting or special use permit, the county board of the county in which the facility is to be sited or the zoning board of appeals for the county shall hold at least one public hearing. The public hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the Open Meetings Act and shall be held not more than 60 days after the filing of the application for the facility. The county shall allow interested parties to a special use permit an opportunity to present evidence and to cross-examine witnesses at the hearing, but the county may impose reasonable restrictions on the public hearing, including reasonable time limitations on the presentation of evidence and the cross-examination of witnesses. The county shall also allow public comment at the public hearing in accordance with the Open Meetings Act. The county shall make its siting and permitting decisions not more than 30 days after the conclusion of the public hearing. Notice of the hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county. A facility owner must enter into an agricultural impact mitigation agreement with the Department of Agriculture prior to the date of the required public hearing. A commercial wind energy facility owner seeking an extension of a permit granted by a county prior to July 24, 2015 (the effective date of Public Act 99-132) must enter into an agricultural impact mitigation agreement with the Department of Agriculture prior to a decision by the county to grant the permit extension. Counties may allow test wind towers or test solar energy systems to be sited without formal approval by the county board.

(d) A county with an existing zoning ordinance in conflict with this Section shall amend that zoning ordinance to be in compliance with this Section within 120 days after January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123).

(e) A county may require:

(1) a wind tower of a commercial wind energy facility to be sited as follows, with setback distances measured from the center of the base of the wind tower:

Setback Description Setback Distance

Occupied Community 2.1 times the maximum blade tip Buildings height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Participating Residences 1.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Nonparticipating Residences 2.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Boundary Lines of None Participating Property

Boundary Lines of 1.1 times the maximum blade tip Nonparticipating Property height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the property line of the nonparticipating property

Public Road Rights-of-Way 1.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the center point of the public road right-of-way

Overhead Communication and 1.1 times the maximum blade tip Electric Transmission height of the wind tower to the and Distribution Facilities nearest edge of the property (Not Including Overhead line, easement, or Utility Service Lines to right-of-way Individual Houses or containing the overhead line Outbuildings)

Overhead Utility Service None Lines to Individual Houses or Outbuildings

Fish and Wildlife Areas 2.1 times the maximum blade and Illinois Nature tip height of the wind tower Preserve Commission to the nearest point on the Protected Lands property line of the fish and wildlife area or protected land

This Section does not exempt or excuse compliance with electric facility clearances approved or required by the National Electrical Code, the National Electrical Safety Code, the Illinois Commerce Commission, and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and their designees or successors;

(2) a wind tower of a commercial wind energy facility to be sited so that industry standard computer modeling indicates that any occupied community building or nonparticipating residence will not experience more than 30 hours per year of shadow flicker under planned operating conditions;

(3) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited as follows, with setback distances measured from the nearest edge of any component of the facility:

Setback Description Setback Distance

Occupied Community 150 feet from the nearest Buildings and Dwellings on point on the outside wall Nonparticipating Properties of the structure

Boundary Lines of None Participating Property

Public Road Rights-of-Way 50 feet from the nearest edge

Boundary Lines of 50 feet to the nearest Nonparticipating Property point on the property line of the nonparticipating property

(4) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited so that the facility's perimeter is enclosed by fencing having a height of at least 6 feet and no more than 25 feet; and

(5) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited so that no component of a solar panel has a height of more than 20 feet above ground when the solar energy facility's arrays are at full tilt.

The requirements set forth in this subsection (e) may be waived subject to the written consent of the owner of each affected nonparticipating property.

(f) A county may not set a sound limitation for wind towers in commercial wind energy facilities or any components in commercial solar energy facilities that is more restrictive than the sound limitations established by the Illinois Pollution Control Board under 35 Ill. Adm. Code Parts 900, 901, and 910.

(g) A county may not place any restriction on the installation or use of a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility unless it adopts an ordinance that complies with this Section. A county may not establish siting standards for supporting facilities that preclude development of commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities.

A request for siting approval or a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or modification of an approved siting or special use permit, shall be approved if the request is in compliance with the standards and conditions imposed in this Act, the zoning ordinance adopted consistent with this Code, and the conditions imposed under State and federal statutes and regulations.

(h) A county may not adopt zoning regulations that disallow, permanently or temporarily, commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities from being developed or operated in any district zoned to allow agricultural or industrial uses.

(i) A county may not require permit application fees for a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility that are unreasonable. All application fees imposed by the county shall be consistent with fees for projects in the county with similar capital value and cost.

(j) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, a county shall not require standards for construction, decommissioning, or deconstruction of a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility or related financial assurances that are more restrictive than those included in the Department of Agriculture's standard wind farm agricultural impact mitigation agreement, template 81818, or standard solar agricultural impact mitigation agreement, version 8.19.19, as applicable and in effect on December 31, 2022. The amount of any decommissioning payment shall be in accordance with the financial assurance required by those agricultural impact mitigation agreements.

(j-5) A commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility shall file a farmland drainage plan with the county and impacted drainage districts outlining how surface and subsurface drainage of farmland will be restored during and following construction or deconstruction of the facility. The plan is to be created independently by the facility developer and shall include the location of any potentially impacted drainage district facilities to the extent this information is publicly available from the county or the drainage district, plans to repair any subsurface drainage affected during construction or deconstruction using procedures outlined in the agricultural impact mitigation agreement entered into by the commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner, and procedures for the repair and restoration of surface drainage affected during construction or deconstruction. All surface and subsurface damage shall be repaired as soon as reasonably practicable.

(k) A county may not condition approval of a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility on a property value guarantee and may not require a facility owner to pay into a neighboring property devaluation escrow account.

(l) A county may require certain vegetative screening surrounding a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility but may not require earthen berms or similar structures.

(m) A county may set blade tip height limitations for wind towers in commercial wind energy facilities but may not set a blade tip height limitation that is more restrictive than the height allowed under a Determination of No Hazard to Air Navigation by the Federal Aviation Administration under 14 CFR Part 77.

(n) A county may require that a commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner provide:

(1) the results and recommendations from consultation with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources that are obtained through the Ecological Compliance Assessment Tool (EcoCAT) or a comparable successor tool; and

(2) the results of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service's Information for Planning and Consulting environmental review or a comparable successor tool that is consistent with (i) the "U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Land-Based Wind Energy Guidelines" and (ii) any applicable United States Fish and Wildlife Service solar wildlife guidelines that have been subject to public review.

(o) A county may require a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility to adhere to the recommendations provided by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources in an EcoCAT natural resource review report under 17 Ill. Adm. Code Part 1075.

(p) A county may require a facility owner to:

(1) demonstrate avoidance of protected lands as identified by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and the Illinois Nature Preserve Commission; or

(2) consider the recommendations of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources for setbacks from protected lands, including areas identified by the Illinois Nature Preserve Commission.

(q) A county may require that a facility owner provide evidence of consultation with the Illinois State Historic Preservation Office to assess potential impacts on State-registered historic sites under the Illinois State Agency Historic Resources Preservation Act.

(r) To maximize community benefits, including, but not limited to, reduced stormwater runoff, flooding, and erosion at the ground mounted solar energy system, improved soil health, and increased foraging habitat for game birds, songbirds, and pollinators, a county may (1) require a commercial solar energy facility owner to plant, establish, and maintain for the life of the facility vegetative ground cover, consistent with the goals of the Pollinator-Friendly Solar Site Act and (2) require the submittal of a vegetation management plan that is in compliance with the agricultural impact mitigation agreement in the application to construct and operate a commercial solar energy facility in the county if the vegetative ground cover and vegetation management plan comply with the requirements of the underlying agreement with the landowner or landowners where the facility will be constructed.

No later than 90 days after January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123), the Illinois Department of Natural Resources shall develop guidelines for vegetation management plans that may be required under this subsection for commercial solar energy facilities. The guidelines must include guidance for short-term and long-term property management practices that provide and maintain native and non-invasive naturalized perennial vegetation to protect the health and well-being of pollinators.

(s) If a facility owner enters into a road use agreement with the Illinois Department of Transportation, a road district, or other unit of local government relating to a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, the road use agreement shall require the facility owner to be responsible for (i) the reasonable cost of improving roads used by the facility owner to construct the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility and (ii) the reasonable cost of repairing roads used by the facility owner during construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility so that those roads are in a condition that is safe for the driving public after the completion of the facility's construction. Roadways improved in preparation for and during the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility shall be repaired and restored to the improved condition at the reasonable cost of the developer if the roadways have degraded or were damaged as a result of construction-related activities.

The road use agreement shall not require the facility owner to pay costs, fees, or charges for road work that is not specifically and uniquely attributable to the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility. Road-related fees, permit fees, or other charges imposed by the Illinois Department of Transportation, a road district, or other unit of local government under a road use agreement with the facility owner shall be reasonably related to the cost of administration of the road use agreement.

(s-5) The facility owner shall also compensate landowners for crop losses or other agricultural damages resulting from damage to the drainage system caused by the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility. The commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair of all damage to the subsurface drainage system caused by the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility in accordance with the agriculture impact mitigation agreement requirements for repair of drainage. The commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair and restoration of surface drainage caused by the construction or deconstruction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility as soon as reasonably practicable.

(t) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a facility owner with siting approval from a county to construct a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility is authorized to cross or impact a drainage system, including, but not limited to, drainage tiles, open drainage ditches, culverts, and water gathering vaults, owned or under the control of a drainage district under the Illinois Drainage Code without obtaining prior agreement or approval from the drainage district in accordance with the farmland drainage plan required by subsection (j-5).

(u) The amendments to this Section adopted in Public Act 102-1123 do not apply to: (1) an application for siting approval or for a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility if the application was submitted to a unit of local government before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123); (2) a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility if the facility owner has submitted an agricultural impact mitigation agreement to the Department of Agriculture before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123); or (3) a commercial wind energy or commercial solar energy development on property that is located within an enterprise zone certified under the Illinois Enterprise Zone Act, that was classified as industrial by the appropriate zoning authority on or before January 27, 2023, and that is located within 4 miles of the intersection of Interstate 88 and Interstate 39.

(Source: P.A. 103-81, eff. 6-9-23; 103-580, eff. 12-8-23; 104-417, eff. 8-15-25.)

(Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 104-458)

Sec. 5-12020. Commercial wind energy facilities and commercial solar energy facilities.

(a) As used in this Section:

"Commercial solar energy facility" means a "commercial solar energy system" as defined in Section 10-720 of the Property Tax Code. "Commercial solar energy facility" does not mean a utility-scale solar energy facility being constructed at a site that was eligible to participate in a procurement event conducted by the Illinois Power Agency pursuant to subsection (c-5) of Section 1-75 of the Illinois Power Agency Act.

"Commercial wind energy facility" means a wind energy conversion facility of equal or greater than 500 kilowatts in total nameplate generating capacity. "Commercial wind energy facility" includes a wind energy conversion facility seeking an extension of a permit to construct granted by a county or municipality before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123).

"Facility owner" means (i) a person with a direct ownership interest in a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or both, regardless of whether the person is involved in acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or otherwise planning for the construction and operation of the facility, and (ii) at the time the facility is being developed, a person who is acting as a developer of the facility by acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or by planning for the construction and operation of the facility, regardless of whether the person will own or operate the facility.

"Nonparticipating property" means real property that is not a participating property.

"Nonparticipating residence" means a residence that is located on nonparticipating property and that is existing and occupied on the date that an application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county.

"Occupied community building" means any one or more of the following buildings that is existing and occupied on the date that the application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county: a school, place of worship, day care facility, public library, or community center.

"Participating property" means real property that is the subject of a written agreement between a facility owner and the owner of the real property that provides the facility owner an easement, option, lease, or license to use the real property for the purpose of constructing a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, or supporting facilities. "Participating property" also includes real property that is owned by a facility owner for the purpose of constructing a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, or supporting facilities.

"Participating residence" means a residence that is located on participating property and that is existing and occupied on the date that an application for a permit to develop the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility is filed with the county.

"Protected lands" means real property that is:

(1) subject to a permanent conservation right consistent with the Real Property Conservation Rights Act; or

(2) registered or designated as a nature preserve, buffer, or land and water reserve under the Illinois Natural Areas Preservation Act.

"Supporting facilities" means the transmission lines, substations, access roads, meteorological towers, storage containers, and equipment associated with the generation and storage of electricity by the commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility. "Supporting facilities" includes energy storage systems capable of absorbing energy and storing it for use at a later time, including, but not limited to, batteries and other electrochemical and electromechanical technologies or systems.

"Wind tower" includes the wind turbine tower, nacelle, and blades.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law or whether the county has formed a zoning commission and adopted formal zoning under Section 5-12007, a county may establish standards for commercial wind energy facilities, commercial solar energy facilities, or both. The standards may include all of the requirements specified in this Section but may not include requirements for commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities that are more restrictive than specified in this Section. A county may also regulate the siting of commercial wind energy facilities with standards that are not more restrictive than the requirements specified in this Section in unincorporated areas of the county that are outside the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality and that are outside the 1.5-mile radius surrounding the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality. A county may also regulate the siting of commercial solar energy facilities with standards that are not more restrictive than the requirements specified in this Section in unincorporated areas of the county that are outside of the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality.

(b-5) A county may not approve the siting of a commercial wind energy facility, a commercial solar energy facility, an energy storage facility, or a combination thereof in an unincorporated area that is located within a 3-mile radius of a municipality, if:

(1) the municipality has not approved the siting of the facility or facilities at that location;

(2) the county board or the corporate authorities of the municipality have determined that any portion of the facility or facilities will be located on land with a Soil Productivity Index that is greater than or equal to 90; or

(3) the county board or the corporate authorities of the municipality have determined that the owners or operators of the facility or facilities have failed to comply with one or more National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements for the site.

This subsection applies regardless of whether the municipality has adopted zoning ordinances under Division 13 of Article 11 of the Illinois Municipal Code or is regulating wind farms and electric-generating wind devices under Section 11-13-26 of the Illinois Municipal Code.

(c) If a county has elected to establish standards under subsection (b), before the county grants siting approval or a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or modification of an approved siting or special use permit, the county board of the county in which the facility is to be sited or the zoning board of appeals for the county shall hold at least one public hearing. The public hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the Open Meetings Act and shall conclude not more than 60 days after the filing of the application for the facility. The county shall allow interested parties to a special use permit an opportunity to present evidence and to cross-examine witnesses at the hearing, but the county may impose reasonable restrictions on the public hearing, including reasonable time limitations on the presentation of evidence and the cross-examination of witnesses. The county shall also allow public comment at the public hearing in accordance with the Open Meetings Act. The county shall make its siting and permitting decisions not more than 30 days after the conclusion of the public hearing. Notice of the hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county. A facility owner must enter into an agricultural impact mitigation agreement with the Department of Agriculture prior to the date of the required public hearing. A commercial wind energy facility owner seeking an extension of a permit granted by a county prior to July 24, 2015 (the effective date of Public Act 99-132) must enter into an agricultural impact mitigation agreement with the Department of Agriculture prior to a decision by the county to grant the permit extension. Counties may allow test wind towers or test solar energy systems to be sited without formal approval by the county board.

(d) A county with an existing zoning ordinance in conflict with this Section shall amend that zoning ordinance to be in compliance with this Section within 120 days after January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123).

(e) A county may require:

(1) a wind tower of a commercial wind energy facility to be sited as follows, with setback distances measured from the center of the base of the wind tower:

Setback Description Setback Distance

Occupied Community 2.1 times the maximum blade tip Buildings height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Participating Residences 1.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Nonparticipating Residences 2.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the outside wall of the structure

Boundary Lines of None Participating Property

Boundary Lines of 1.1 times the maximum blade tip Nonparticipating Property height of the wind tower to the nearest point on the property line of the nonparticipating property

Public Road Rights-of-Way 1.1 times the maximum blade tip height of the wind tower to the center point of the public road right-of-way

Overhead Communication and 1.1 times the maximum blade tip Electric Transmission height of the wind tower to the and Distribution Facilities nearest edge of the property (Not Including Overhead line, easement, or Utility Service Lines to right-of-way Individual Houses or containing the overhead line Outbuildings)

Overhead Utility Service None Lines to Individual Houses or Outbuildings

Fish and Wildlife Areas 2.1 times the maximum blade and Illinois Nature tip height of the wind tower Preserve Commission to the nearest point on the Protected Lands property line of the fish and wildlife area or protected land

This Section does not exempt or excuse compliance with electric facility clearances approved or required by the National Electrical Code, the National Electrical Safety Code, the Illinois Commerce Commission, and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and their designees or successors;

(2) a wind tower of a commercial wind energy facility to be sited so that industry standard computer modeling indicates that any occupied community building or nonparticipating residence will not experience more than 30 hours per year of shadow flicker under planned operating conditions;

(3) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited as follows, with setback distances measured from the nearest edge of any above-ground component of the facility, excluding fencing:

Setback Description Setback Distance

Occupied Community 150 feet from the nearest Buildings and Dwellings on point on the outside wall Nonparticipating Properties of the structure

Boundary Lines of None Participating Property

Public Road Rights-of-Way 50 feet from the nearest edge of the public right-of-way

Boundary Lines of 50 feet to the nearest Nonparticipating Property point on the property Not Zoned Residential line of the nonparticipating property

Boundary Lines of 500 feet to the nearest Nonparticipating Property point on the property Zoned Residential line of the nonparticipating

property zoned residential

(4) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited so that the facility's perimeter is enclosed by fencing having a height of at least 6 feet and no more than 25 feet; and

(5) a commercial solar energy facility to be sited so that no component of a solar panel has a height of more than 20 feet above ground when the solar energy facility's arrays are at full tilt.

This subsection (e) shall not preclude the ability of a county to require a reasonable setback distance between fencing and public rights-of-way if the requirement is not specific to commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities and does not preclude the development of commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities or the ability of commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities to comply with the requirements set forth in this subsection (e).

The requirements set forth in this subsection (e) may be waived subject to the written consent of the owner of each affected nonparticipating property.

(f) A county may not set a sound limitation for wind towers in commercial wind energy facilities or any components in commercial solar energy facilities that is more restrictive than the sound limitations established by the Illinois Pollution Control Board under 35 Ill. Adm. Code Parts 900, 901, and 910. Additionally, in accordance with Section 25 of the Environmental Protection Act, a participating property, participating residence, nonparticipating property, nonparticipating residence, or any combination of those properties or residences may waive enforcement of the rules adopted by the Illinois Pollution Control Board under 35 Ill. Adm. Code Parts 900, 901, and 910 by written waiver that complies with the applicable directive established in Section 25 of the Environmental Protection Act and is recorded in the Office of the Recorder of the county in which the participating property, participating residence, nonparticipating property, or nonparticipating residence is located. Once recorded, such a waiver shall be binding on any current and future owners, residents, lessees, invitees, and users of the participating property, participating residence, nonparticipating property, or nonparticipating residence for enforcement purposes. An owner of any participating residence or nonparticipating residence shall disclose the existence of such a waiver to any lessee before entering any new lease for the residence.

A seller or transferor of a participating property, participating residence, nonparticipating property, nonparticipating residence, or any combination of those properties or residences shall disclose the existence of such a waiver to any buyer or transferee before any sale or transfer of the property. If disclosure of the waiver occurs after the buyer has made an offer to purchase the property, the seller shall disclose the existence of the waiver before accepting the buyer's offer and shall (1) allow the buyer an opportunity to review the disclosure and (2) inform the buyer that the buyer has the right to amend the buyer's offer.

(g) A county may not place any restriction on the installation or use of a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility unless it adopts an ordinance that complies with this Section. A county may not establish siting standards for supporting facilities that preclude development of commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities.

A request for siting approval or a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, or modification of an approved siting or special use permit, shall be approved if the request is in compliance with the standards and conditions imposed in this Act, the zoning ordinance adopted consistent with this Act, and the conditions imposed under State and federal statutes and regulations.

(h) A county may not adopt zoning regulations that disallow, permanently or temporarily, commercial wind energy facilities or commercial solar energy facilities from being developed or operated in any district zoned to allow agricultural or industrial uses.

(i) (Blank).

(i-5) All siting approval or special use permit application fees for a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility must be reasonable. Fees that do not exceed $5,000 per each megawatt of nameplate capacity of the energy facility, up to a maximum of $125,000, shall be considered presumptively reasonable. A county may also require reimbursement from the applicant for any reasonable expenses incurred by the county in processing the siting approval or special use permit application in excess of the maximum fee. A siting approval or special use permit shall not be subject to any time deadline to start construction or obtain a building permit of less than 5 years from the date of siting approval or special use permit approval. A county shall allow an applicant to request an extension of the deadline based upon reasonable cause for the extension request. The exemption shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or denied.

(i-10) A county may require, for a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility, a single building permit and a reasonable permit fee for the facility which includes all supporting facilities. County building permit fees for commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility that do not exceed $5,000 per each megawatt of nameplate capacity of the energy facility, up to a maximum of $75,000, shall be considered presumptively reasonable. A county may also require reimbursement from the applicant for any reasonable expenses incurred by the county in processing the building permit in excess of the maximum fee. A county may require an applicant, upon start of construction of the facility, to maintain liability insurance that is commercially reasonable and consistent with prevailing industry standards for similar energy facilities.

(j) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, a county shall not require standards for construction, decommissioning, or deconstruction of a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility or related financial assurances that are more restrictive than those included in the Department of Agriculture's standard wind farm agricultural impact mitigation agreement, template 81818, or standard solar agricultural impact mitigation agreement, version 8.19.19, as applicable and in effect on December 31, 2022. The amount of any decommissioning payment shall be in accordance with the financial assurance required by those agricultural impact mitigation agreements.

(j-5) A commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility shall file a farmland drainage plan with the county and impacted drainage districts outlining how surface and subsurface drainage of farmland will be restored during and following construction or deconstruction of the facility. The plan is to be created independently by the facility developer and shall include the location of any potentially impacted drainage district facilities to the extent this information is publicly available from the county or the drainage district, plans to repair any subsurface drainage affected during construction or deconstruction using procedures outlined in the agricultural impact mitigation agreement entered into by the commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner, and procedures for the repair and restoration of surface drainage affected during construction or deconstruction. All surface and subsurface damage shall be repaired as soon as reasonably practicable.

(k) A county may not condition approval of a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility on a property value guarantee and may not require a facility owner to pay into a neighboring property devaluation escrow account.

(l) A county may require certain vegetative screening between a commercial solar energy facility and nonparticipating residences. A county may not require earthen berms or similar structures. Vegetative screening requirements shall be commercially reasonable and limited in height at full maturity to avoid reduction of the productive energy output of the commercial solar energy facility. A county may not require vegetative screening to exceed 5 feet in height when first installed or prior to commercial operation date. The screening requirements shall take into account the size and location of the facility, visibility from nonparticipating residences, compatibility of native plant species, cost and feasibility of installation and maintenance, and industry standards and best practices for commercial solar energy facilities.

(m) A county may set blade tip height limitations for wind towers in commercial wind energy facilities but may not set a blade tip height limitation that is more restrictive than the height allowed under a Determination of No Hazard to Air Navigation by the Federal Aviation Administration under 14 CFR Part 77.

(n) A county may require that a commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner provide:

(1) the results and recommendations from consultation with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources that are obtained through the Ecological Compliance Assessment Tool (EcoCAT) or a comparable successor tool; and

(2) (blank).

(o) A county may require a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility to adhere to the recommendations provided by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources in an EcoCAT natural resource review report under 17 Ill. Adm. Code Part 1075.

(p) A county may require a facility owner to:

(1) demonstrate avoidance of protected lands as identified by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and the Illinois Nature Preserve Commission; or

(2) consider the recommendations of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources for setbacks from protected lands, including areas identified by the Illinois Nature Preserve Commission.

(q) A county may require that a facility owner provide evidence of consultation with the Illinois State Historic Preservation Office to assess potential impacts on State-registered historic sites under the Illinois State Agency Historic Resources Preservation Act.

(r) To maximize community benefits, including, but not limited to, reduced stormwater runoff, flooding, and erosion at the ground mounted solar energy system, improved soil health, and increased foraging habitat for game birds, songbirds, and pollinators, a county may (1) require a commercial solar energy facility owner to plant, establish, and maintain for the life of the facility vegetative ground cover, consistent with the goals of the Pollinator-Friendly Solar Site Act and (2) require the submittal of a vegetation management plan that is in compliance with the agricultural impact mitigation agreement in the application to construct and operate a commercial solar energy facility in the county if the vegetative ground cover and vegetation management plan comply with the requirements of the underlying agreement with the landowner or landowners where the facility will be constructed.

No later than 90 days after January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123), the Illinois Department of Natural Resources shall develop guidelines for vegetation management plans that may be required under this subsection for commercial solar energy facilities. The guidelines must include guidance for short-term and long-term property management practices that provide and maintain native and non-invasive naturalized perennial vegetation to protect the health and well-being of pollinators.

(s) If a facility owner enters into a road use agreement with the Illinois Department of Transportation, a road district, or other unit of local government relating to a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility, the road use agreement shall require the facility owner to be responsible for (i) the reasonable cost of improving roads used by the facility owner to construct the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility and (ii) the reasonable cost of repairing roads used by the facility owner during construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility so that those roads are in a condition that is safe for the driving public after the completion of the facility's construction. Roadways improved in preparation for and during the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility shall be repaired and restored to the improved condition at the reasonable cost of the developer if the roadways have degraded or were damaged as a result of construction-related activities.

The road use agreement shall not require the facility owner to pay costs, fees, or charges for road work that is not specifically and uniquely attributable to the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility. No road district or other unit of local government may request or require permit fees, fines, or other payment obligations as a requirement for a road use agreement with a facility owner unless the amount of the reasonable permit fee or payment is equivalent to the amount of actual expenses incurred by the road district or other unit of local government for negotiating, executing, constructing, or implementing the road use agreement. The road use agreement shall not require any road work to be performed by or paid for by the facility owner that is not specifically and uniquely attributable to the road improvements required for the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility or the restoration of the roads used by the facility owner during construction-related activities.

(s-5) The facility owner shall also compensate landowners for crop losses or other agricultural damages resulting from damage to the drainage system caused by the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility. The commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair of all damage to the subsurface drainage system caused by the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility in accordance with the agriculture impact mitigation agreement requirements for repair of drainage. The commercial wind energy facility owner or commercial solar energy facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair and restoration of surface drainage caused by the construction or deconstruction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility as soon as reasonably practicable.

(t) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a facility owner with siting approval from a county to construct a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility is authorized to cross or impact a drainage system, including, but not limited to, drainage tiles, open drainage ditches, culverts, and water gathering vaults, owned or under the control of a drainage district under the Illinois Drainage Code without obtaining prior agreement or approval from the drainage district in accordance with the farmland drainage plan required by subsection (j-5).

(u) The amendments to this Section adopted in Public Act 102-1123 do not apply to: (1) an application for siting approval or for a special use permit for a commercial wind energy facility or commercial solar energy facility if the application was submitted to a unit of local government before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123); (2) a commercial wind energy facility or a commercial solar energy facility if the facility owner has submitted an agricultural impact mitigation agreement to the Department of Agriculture before January 27, 2023 (the effective date of Public Act 102-1123); (3) a commercial wind energy or commercial solar energy development on property that is located within an enterprise zone certified under the Illinois Enterprise Zone Act, that was classified as industrial by the appropriate zoning authority on or before January 27, 2023, and that is located within 4 miles of the intersection of Interstate 88 and Interstate 39; or (4) a commercial wind energy or commercial solar energy development on property in Madison County that is located within the area that has as its northern boundary the portion of Drexelius Road that is between the intersection of Drexelius Road and Wolf Road and the intersection of Drexelius Road and Fosterburg Road, that has as its eastern boundary the portion of Fosterburg Road that is between the intersection of Fosterburg Road and Drexelius Road and the intersection of Fosterburg Road and Wolf Road, and that has as its southern and western boundaries the portion of Wolf Road that is between the intersection of Fosterburg Road and Wolf Road and the intersection of Drexelius Road and Wolf Road.

(Source: P.A. 103-81, eff. 6-9-23; 103-580, eff. 12-8-23; 104-417, eff. 8-15-25; 104-458, eff. 6-1-26.)

(55 ILCS 5/5-12024)

(This Section may contain text from a Public Act with a delayed effective date)

Sec. 5-12024. Energy storage systems.

(a) As used in this Section:

"Energy storage system" means a facility with an aggregate energy capacity that is greater than 1,000 kilowatts and that is capable of absorbing energy and storing it for use at a later time, including, but not limited to, electrochemical and electromechanical technologies. "Energy storage system" does not include technologies that require combustion. "Energy storage system" also does not include energy storage systems associated with commercial solar energy facilities or commercial wind energy facilities as defined in Section 5-12020.

"Excused service interruption" means any period during which an energy storage system does not store or discharge electricity and that is planned or reasonably foreseeable for standard commercial operation, including any unavailability caused by a buyer; storage capacity tests; system emergencies; curtailments, including curtailment orders; transmission system outages; compliance with any operating restriction; serial defects; and planned outages.

"Facility owner" means (i) a person with a direct ownership interest in an energy storage system, regardless of whether the person is involved in acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or otherwise planning for the construction and operation of the facility and (ii) a person who, at the time the facility is being developed, is acting as a developer of the facility by acquiring the necessary rights, permits, and approvals or by planning for the construction and operation of the facility, regardless of whether the person will own or operate the facility.

"Force majeure" means any event or circumstance that delays or prevents an energy storage system from timely performing all or a portion of its commercial operations if the act or event, despite the exercise of commercially reasonable efforts, cannot be avoided by and is beyond the reasonable control, whether direct or indirect, of, and without the fault or negligence of, a facility owner or operator or any of its assignees. "Force majeure" includes, but is not limited to:

(1) fire, flood, tornado, or other natural disasters or acts of God;

(2) war, civil strife, terrorist attack, or other similar acts of violence;

(3) unavailability of materials, equipment, services, or labor, including unavailability due to global supply chain shortages;

(4) utility or energy shortages or acts or omissions of public utility providers;

(5) any delay resulting from a pandemic, epidemic, or other public health emergency or related restrictions; and

(6) litigation or a regulatory proceeding regarding a facility.

"NFPA" means the National Fire Protection Association.

"Nonparticipating property" means real property that is not a participating property.

"Nonparticipating residence" means a residence that is located on nonparticipating property and that exists and is occupied on the date that the application for a permit to develop an energy storage system is filed with the county.

"Occupied community building" means a school, place of worship, day care facility, public library, or community center that is occupied on the date that the application for a permit to develop an energy storage system is filed with the county in which the building is located.

"Participating property" means real property that is the subject of a written agreement between a facility owner and the owner of the real property and that provides the facility owner an easement, option, lease, or license to use the real property for the purpose of constructing an energy storage system or supporting facilities.

"Protected lands" means real property that is: (i) subject to a permanent conservation right consistent with the Real Property Conservation Rights Act; or (ii) registered or designated as a nature preserve, buffer, or land and water reserve under the Illinois Natural Areas Preservation Act.

"Supporting facilities" means the transmission lines, substations, switchyard, access roads, meteorological towers, storage containers, and equipment associated with the generation, storage, and dispatch of electricity by an energy storage system.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a county has formed a zoning commission and adopted formal zoning under Section 5-12007, then a county may establish standards for energy storage systems in areas of the county that are not within the zoning jurisdiction of a municipality. The standards may include all of the requirements specified in this Section but may not include requirements for energy storage systems that are more restrictive than specified in this Section or requirements that are not specified in this Section.

(c) A county may require the energy storage facility to comply with the version of NFPA 855 "Standard for the Installation of Stationary Energy Storage Systems" in effect on the effective date of this amendatory Act or any successor standard issued by the NFPA in effect on the date of siting or special use permit approval. A county may not include requirements for energy storage systems that are more restrictive than NFPA 855 "Standard for the Installation of Stationary Energy Storage Systems" unless required by this Section.

(d) If a county has elected to establish standards under subsection (b), then the zoning board of appeals for the county shall hold at least one public hearing before the county grants (i) siting approval or a special use permit for an energy storage system or (ii) modification of an approved siting or special use permit. The public hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the Open Meetings Act and shall conclude not more than 60 days after the filing of the application for the facility. The county shall allow interested parties to a special use permit an opportunity to present evidence and to cross-examine witnesses at the hearing, but the county may impose reasonable restrictions on the public hearing, including reasonable time limitations on the presentation of evidence and the cross-examination of witnesses. The county shall also allow public comment at the public hearing in accordance with the Open Meetings Act. The county shall make its siting and permitting decisions not more than 30 days after the conclusion of the public hearing. Notice of the hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county.

(e) A county with an existing zoning ordinance in conflict with this Section shall amend that zoning ordinance to comply with this Section within 120 days after the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 104th General Assembly.

(f) A county shall require an energy storage system to be sited as follows, with setback distances measured from the nearest edge of the nearest battery or other electrochemical or electromechanical enclosure:

Setback Description Setback Distance

Occupied Community 150 feet from the nearest Buildings and point of the outside wall of Nonparticipating Residences the occupied community building or nonparticipating residence

Boundary Lines of 50 feet to the nearest point Occupied Community on the property line of Buildings and the occupied community building Nonparticipating Residences or nonparticipating property Not Zoned Residential

Boundary Lines of 500 feet to the nearest Nonparticipating Property point on the property Zoned Residential line of the nonparticipating

property zoned residential Public Road Rights-of-Way 50 feet from the nearest edge of the right-of-way

(2) A county shall also require an energy storage system to be sited so that the facility's perimeter is enclosed by fencing having a height of at least 7 feet and no more than 25 feet.

This Section does not exempt or excuse compliance with electric facility clearances approved or required by the National Electrical Code, the National Electrical Safety Code, the Illinois Commerce Commission, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, and their designees or successors.

(g) A county may not set a sound limitation for energy storage systems that is more restrictive than the sound limitations established by the Illinois Pollution Control Board under 35 Ill. Adm. Code Parts 900, 901, and 910. After commercial operation, a county may require the facility owner to provide, not more than once, octave band sound pressure level measurements from a reasonable number of sampled locations at the perimeter of the energy storage system to demonstrate compliance with this Section.

(h) The provisions set forth in subsection (f) may be waived subject to the written consent of the owner of each affected nonparticipating property or nonparticipating residence.

(i) A county may not place any restriction on the installation or use of an energy storage system unless it has formed a zoning commission and adopted formal zoning under Section 5-12007 and adopts an ordinance that complies with this Section. A county may not establish siting standards for supporting facilities that preclude development of an energy storage system.

(j) A request for siting approval or a special use permit for an energy storage system, or modification of an approved siting approval or special use permit, shall be approved if the request complies with the standards and conditions imposed in this Code, the zoning ordinance adopted consistent with this Section, and other State and federal statutes and regulations. The siting approval or special use permit approved by the county shall grant the facility owner a period of at least 3 years after county approval to obtain a building permit or commence construction of the energy storage system, before the siting approval or special use permit may become subject to revocation by the county. Facility owners may be granted an extension on obtaining building permits or commencing constructing upon a showing of good cause. A facility owner's request for an extension may not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or denied.

(k) A county may not adopt zoning regulations that disallow, permanently or temporarily, an energy storage system from being developed or operated in any district zones to allow agricultural or industrial uses.

(l) A facility owner shall file a farmland drainage plan with the county and impacted drainage districts that outlines how surface and subsurface drainage of farmland will be restored during and following the construction or deconstruction of the energy storage system. The plan shall be created independently by the facility owner and shall include the location of any potentially impacted drainage district facilities to the extent the information is publicly available from the county or the drainage district and plans to repair any subsurface drainage affected during construction or deconstruction using procedures outlined in the decommissioning plan. All surface and subsurface damage shall be repaired as soon as reasonably practicable.

(m) A facility owner shall compensate landowners for crop losses or other agricultural damages resulting from damage to a drainage system caused by the construction of an energy storage system. The facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair of all damage to the subsurface drainage system caused by the construction of the energy storage system. The facility owner shall repair or pay for the repair and restoration of surface drainage caused by the construction or deconstruction of the energy storage facility as soon as reasonably practicable.

(n) County siting approval or special use permit application fees for an energy storage system shall not exceed the lesser of (i) $5,000 per each megawatt of nameplate capacity of the energy storage system or (ii) $50,000.

(o) The county may require a facility owner to provide a decommissioning plan to the county. The decommissioning plan may include all requirements for decommissioning plans in NFPA 855 and may also require the facility owner to:

(1) state how the energy storage system will be decommissioned, including removal to a depth of 3 feet of all structures that have no ongoing purpose and all debris and restoration of the soil and any vegetation to a condition as close as reasonably practicable to the soil's and vegetation's preconstruction condition within 18 months of the end of project life or facility abandonment;

(2) include provisions related to commercially reasonable efforts to reuse or recycle of equipment and components associated with the commercial offsite energy storage system;

(3) include financial assurance in the form of a reclamation or surety bond or other commercially available financial assurance that is acceptable to the county, with the county or participating property owner as beneficiary. The amount of the financial assurance shall not be more than the estimated cost of decommissioning the energy facility, after deducting salvage value, as calculated by a professional engineer licensed to practice engineering in this State with expertise in preparing decommissioning estimates, retained by the applicant. The financial assurance shall be provided to the county incrementally as follows:

(A) 25% before the start of full commercial operation;

(B) 50% before the start of the 5th year of commercial operation; and

(C) 100% by the start of the tenth year of commercial operation;

(4) update the amount of the financial assurance not more than every 5 years for the duration of commercial operations. The amount shall be calculated by a professional engineer licensed to practice engineering in this State with expertise in decommissioning, hired by the facility owner; and

(5) decommission the energy storage system, in accordance with an approved decommissioning plan, within 18 months after abandonment. An energy storage system that has not stored electrical energy for 12 consecutive months or that fails, for a period of 6 consecutive months, to pay a property owner who is party to a written agreement, including, but not limited to, an easement, option, lease, or license under the terms of which an energy storage system is constructed on the property, amounts owed in accordance with the written agreement shall be considered abandoned, except when the inability to store energy is the result of an event of force majeure or excused service interruption.

(p) A county may not condition approval of an energy storage system on a property value guarantee and may not require a facility owner to pay into a neighboring property devaluation escrow account.

(q) A county may require that a facility owner provide the results and recommendations from consultation with the Department of Natural Resources that are obtained through the Ecological Compliance Assessment Tool (EcoCAT) or a comparable successor tool.

(r) A county may require an energy storage system to adhere to the recommendations provided by the Department of Natural Resources in an Agency Action Report under 17 Ill. Adm. Code 1075.

(s) A county may require a facility owner to:

(1) demonstrate avoidance of protected lands as identified by the Department of Natural Resources and the Illinois Nature Preserves Commission; or

(2) consider the recommendations of the Department of Natural Resources for setbacks from protected lands, including areas identified by the Illinois Nature Preserves Commission.

(t) A county may require that a facility owner provide evidence of consultation with the Illinois Historic Preservation Division to assess potential impacts on State-registered historic sites under the Illinois State Agency Historic Resources Preservation Act.

(u) A county may require that an application for siting approval or special use permit include the following information on a site plan:

(1) a description of the property lines and physical features, including roads, for the facility site;

(2) a description of the proposed changes to the landscape of the facility site, including vegetation clearing and planting, exterior lighting, and screening or structures; and

(3) a description of the zoning district designation for the parcel of land comprising the facility site.

(v) A county may not prohibit an energy storage system from undertaking periodic augmentation to maintain the approximate original capacity of the energy storage system. A county may not require renewed or additional siting approval or special use permit approval of periodic augmentation to maintain the approximate original capacity of the energy storage system.

(w) A county that issues a building permit for energy storage systems shall review and process building permit applications within 60 days after receipt of the building permit application. If a county does not grant or deny the building permit application within 60 days, the building permit shall be deemed granted. If a county denies a building permit application, it shall specify the reason for the denial in writing as part of its denial.

(x) A county may require a single building permit and a reasonable permit fee for the facility which includes all supporting facilities. A county building permit fee for an energy storage system that does not exceed the lesser of (i) $5,000 per each megawatt of nameplate capacity of the energy storage system or (ii) $50,000 shall be considered presumptively reasonable. A county may require that the application for building permit contain:

(1) an electrical diagram detailing the battery energy storage system layout, associated components, and electrical interconnection methods, with all National Electrical Code compliant disconnects and overcurrent devices; and

(2) an equipment specification sheet.

(y) A county may require the facility owner to submit to the county prior to the facility's commercial operation a commissioning report meeting the requirements of NFPA 855 Sections 4.2.4, 6.1.3, and 6.1.5.5, as published in 2023, or the applicable Sections in the most recent version of NFPA 855.

(z) A county may require the facility owner to submit to the county prior to the facility's commercial operation a hazard mitigation analysis meeting the requirements of NFPA 855 Section 4.4 or the applicable Sections in the most recent version of NFPA 855.

(aa) A county may require the facility owner to submit to the county an emergency operations plan meeting the requirements of NFPA 855 Section 4.3.2.1.4, published in 2023, or applicable Sections in the most recent version of NFPA 855, prior to commercial operation.

(bb) A county may require a warning that complies with requirements in NFPA 855 Section 4.7.4, published in 2023, or applicable sections in the most recent version of NFPA 855.

(cc) A county may require the energy storage system to adhere to the principles for responsible outdoor lighting provided by the International Dark-Sky Association and shall limit outdoor lighting to that which is minimally required for safety and operational purposes. Any outdoor lighting shall be reasonably shielded and downcast from all residences and adjacent properties.

(dd) This Section does not exempt compliance with fire and safety standards and guidance established for the installation of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems set by the NFPA.

(ee) Prior to commencement of commercial operation, the facility owner shall offer to provide training for local fire departments and emergency responders in accordance with the facility emergency operations plan. A copy of the emergency operations plan shall be given to the facility owner, the local fire department, and emergency responders. All batteries integrated within an energy storage system shall be listed under the UL 1973 Standard. All batteries integrated within an energy storage system shall be listed in accordance with UL 9540 Standard, either from the manufacturer or by a field evaluation.

(ff) If a facility owner enters into a road use agreement with the Department of Transportation, a road district, or other unit of local government relating to an energy storage system, then the road use agreement shall require the facility owner to be responsible for (i) the reasonable cost of improving, if necessary, roads used by the facility owner to construct the energy storage system and (ii) the reasonable cost of repairing roads used by the facility owner during construction of the energy storage system so that those roads are in a condition that is safe for the driving public after the completion of the facility's construction. A roadway improved in preparation for and during the construction of the energy storage system shall be repaired and restored to the improved condition at the reasonable cost of the developer if the roadways have degraded or were damaged as a result of construction-related activities.

The road use agreement shall not require the facility owner to pay costs, fees, or charges for road work that is not specifically and uniquely attributable to the construction of the energy storage system. No road district or other unit of local government may request or require a fine, permit fee, or other payment obligation as a requirement for a road use agreement with a facility owner unless the amount of the fine, permit fee, or other payment obligation is equivalent to the amount of actual expenses incurred by the road district or other unit of local government for negotiating, executing, constructing, or implementing the road use agreement. The road use agreement shall not require the facility owner to perform or pay for any road work that is unrelated to the road improvements required for the construction of the commercial wind energy facility or the commercial solar energy facility or the restoration of the roads used by the facility owner during construction-related activities.

(gg) The provisions of this amendatory Act of the 104th General Assembly do not apply to an application for siting approval or special use permit for an energy storage system if the application was submitted to a county before the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 104th General Assembly.

(Source: P.A. 104-458, eff. 6-1-26.)

Section 95. No acceleration or delay. Where this Act makes changes in a statute that is represented in this Act by text that is not yet or no longer in effect (for example, a Section represented by multiple versions), the use of that text does not accelerate or delay the taking effect of (i) the changes made by this Act or (ii) provisions derived from any other Public Act.

Section 99. Effective date. This Act takes effect January 1, 2027.