State of Illinois
92nd General Assembly
Legislation

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92_SB1159

 
                                               LRB9207914REks

 1        AN ACT concerning factors in aggravation  and  mitigation
 2    in capital cases.

 3        Be  it  enacted  by  the People of the State of Illinois,
 4    represented in the General Assembly:

 5        Section 5.  The Criminal  Code  of  1961  is  amended  by
 6    changing Section 9-1 as follows:

 7        (720 ILCS 5/9-1) (from Ch. 38, par. 9-1)
 8        Sec.  9-1.  First  degree  Murder  -  Death  penalties  -
 9    Exceptions - Separate Hearings - Proof - Findings - Appellate
10    procedures - Reversals.
11        (a)  A  person  who  kills  an  individual without lawful
12    justification commits first degree murder if,  in  performing
13    the acts which cause the death:
14             (1)  he  either  intends  to kill or do great bodily
15        harm to that individual or another, or  knows  that  such
16        acts will cause death to that individual or another; or
17             (2)  he   knows  that  such  acts  create  a  strong
18        probability  of  death  or  great  bodily  harm  to  that
19        individual or another; or
20             (3)  he  is  attempting  or  committing  a  forcible
21        felony other than second degree murder.
22        (b)  Aggravating Factors.  A defendant who at the time of
23    the commission of the offense has attained the age of  18  or
24    more and who has been found guilty of first degree murder may
25    be sentenced to death if:
26             (1)  the  murdered individual was a peace officer or
27        fireman killed in the course of performing  his  official
28        duties,  to  prevent  the  performance  of  his  official
29        duties,  or  in  retaliation  for performing his official
30        duties, and the defendant knew or should have known  that
31        the  murdered  individual was a peace officer or fireman;
 
                            -2-                LRB9207914REks
 1        or
 2             (2)  the murdered individual was an employee  of  an
 3        institution or facility of the Department of Corrections,
 4        or  any  similar local correctional agency, killed in the
 5        course of performing his official duties, to prevent  the
 6        performance of his official duties, or in retaliation for
 7        performing   his   official   duties,   or  the  murdered
 8        individual was an inmate at such institution or  facility
 9        and  was  killed  on the grounds thereof, or the murdered
10        individual was otherwise present in such  institution  or
11        facility  with  the  knowledge  and approval of the chief
12        administrative officer thereof; or
13             (3)  the defendant has been convicted  of  murdering
14        two  or  more  individuals  under  subsection (a) of this
15        Section or under any law of the United States or  of  any
16        state which is substantially similar to subsection (a) of
17        this  Section  regardless  of whether the deaths occurred
18        as the result of the same act or of  several  related  or
19        unrelated  acts  so long as the deaths were the result of
20        either an intent to kill  more  than  one  person  or  of
21        separate  acts which the defendant knew would cause death
22        or create a strong probability of death or  great  bodily
23        harm to the murdered individual or another; or
24             (4)  the  murdered individual was killed as a result
25        of the hijacking of an  airplane,  train,  ship,  bus  or
26        other public conveyance; or
27             (5)  the  defendant committed the murder pursuant to
28        a contract, agreement or understanding by which he was to
29        receive  money  or  anything  of  value  in  return   for
30        committing  the  murder or procured another to commit the
31        murder for money or anything of value; or
32             (6)  the  murdered  individual  was  killed  in  the
33        course of another felony if:
34                  (a)  the murdered individual:
 
                            -3-                LRB9207914REks
 1                       (i)  was actually killed by the defendant,
 2                  or
 3                       (ii)  received      physical      injuries
 4                  personally   inflicted   by    the    defendant
 5                  substantially  contemporaneously  with physical
 6                  injuries caused by  one  or  more  persons  for
 7                  whose   conduct   the   defendant   is  legally
 8                  accountable under Section 5-2 of this Code, and
 9                  the physical injuries inflicted by  either  the
10                  defendant  or  the  other person or persons for
11                  whose conduct he is legally accountable  caused
12                  the death of the murdered individual; and
13                  (b)  in  performing  the  acts which caused the
14             death of the murdered individual or  which  resulted
15             in  physical  injuries  personally  inflicted by the
16             defendant  on  the  murdered  individual  under  the
17             circumstances of subdivision  (ii)  of  subparagraph
18             (a)  of  paragraph  (6)  of  subsection  (b) of this
19             Section, the defendant acted with the intent to kill
20             the murdered individual or with the  knowledge  that
21             his  acts  created  a strong probability of death or
22             great bodily harm  to  the  murdered  individual  or
23             another; and
24                  (c)  the other felony was one of the following:
25             armed  robbery,  armed  violence, robbery, predatory
26             criminal  sexual  assault  of  a  child,  aggravated
27             criminal  sexual  assault,  aggravated   kidnapping,
28             aggravated  vehicular hijacking, forcible detention,
29             arson,  aggravated   arson,   aggravated   stalking,
30             burglary,   residential   burglary,  home  invasion,
31             calculated criminal drug conspiracy  as  defined  in
32             Section  405  of  the Illinois Controlled Substances
33             Act, streetgang criminal drug conspiracy as  defined
34             in   Section   405.2   of  the  Illinois  Controlled
 
                            -4-                LRB9207914REks
 1             Substances Act, or the attempt to commit any of  the
 2             felonies listed in this subsection (c); or
 3             (7)  the  murdered  individual was under 12 years of
 4        age and the death resulted from exceptionally  brutal  or
 5        heinous behavior indicative of wanton cruelty; or
 6             (8)  the  defendant committed the murder with intent
 7        to prevent the murdered individual from testifying in any
 8        criminal prosecution or giving material assistance to the
 9        State in any investigation or prosecution, either against
10        the defendant or another; or the defendant committed  the
11        murder  because  the murdered individual was a witness in
12        any prosecution or gave material assistance to the  State
13        in  any  investigation or prosecution, either against the
14        defendant or another; or
15             (9)  the  defendant,  while  committing  an  offense
16        punishable under Sections 401, 401.1, 401.2, 405,  405.2,
17        407  or  407.1  or  subsection  (b) of Section 404 of the
18        Illinois Controlled Substances Act, or while engaged in a
19        conspiracy  or  solicitation  to  commit  such   offense,
20        intentionally   killed   an   individual   or  counseled,
21        commanded, induced, procured or  caused  the  intentional
22        killing of the murdered individual; or
23             (10)  the   defendant   was   incarcerated   in   an
24        institution  or facility of the Department of Corrections
25        at the time  of  the  murder,  and  while  committing  an
26        offense  punishable  as  a  felony under Illinois law, or
27        while engaged in a conspiracy or solicitation  to  commit
28        such  offense,  intentionally  killed  an  individual  or
29        counseled,  commanded,  induced,  procured  or caused the
30        intentional killing of the murdered individual; or
31             (11)  the murder was committed in a cold, calculated
32        and premeditated manner pursuant to a preconceived  plan,
33        scheme  or design to take a human life by unlawful means,
34        and the conduct of the  defendant  created  a  reasonable
 
                            -5-                LRB9207914REks
 1        expectation  that the death of a human being would result
 2        therefrom; or
 3             (12)  the  murdered  individual  was  an   emergency
 4        medical   technician   -   ambulance,  emergency  medical
 5        technician - intermediate, emergency medical technician -
 6        paramedic, ambulance driver, or other medical  assistance
 7        or  first  aid  personnel,  employed by a municipality or
 8        other  governmental  unit,  killed  in  the   course   of
 9        performing   his   official   duties,   to   prevent  the
10        performance of his official duties, or in retaliation for
11        performing his official duties, and the defendant knew or
12        should have known that the  murdered  individual  was  an
13        emergency   medical  technician  -  ambulance,  emergency
14        medical  technician  -  intermediate,  emergency  medical
15        technician  -  paramedic,  ambulance  driver,  or   other
16        medical assistance or first aid personnel; or
17             (13)  the  defendant  was a principal administrator,
18        organizer,  or  leader  of  a  calculated  criminal  drug
19        conspiracy  consisting  of  a  hierarchical  position  of
20        authority superior to that of all other  members  of  the
21        conspiracy,   and  the  defendant  counseled,  commanded,
22        induced, procured, or caused the intentional  killing  of
23        the murdered person; or
24             (14)  the  murder  was  intentional and involved the
25        infliction of torture.  For the purpose of  this  Section
26        torture  means the infliction of or subjection to extreme
27        physical pain, motivated by  an  intent  to  increase  or
28        prolong the pain, suffering or agony of the victim; or
29             (15)  the  murder  was  committed as a result of the
30        intentional discharge of a firearm by the defendant  from
31        a motor vehicle and the victim was not present within the
32        motor vehicle; or
33             (16)  the murdered individual was 60 years of age or
34        older and the death resulted from exceptionally brutal or
 
                            -6-                LRB9207914REks
 1        heinous behavior indicative of wanton cruelty; or
 2             (17)  the  murdered individual was a disabled person
 3        and the defendant knew or  should  have  known  that  the
 4        murdered  individual  was disabled.  For purposes of this
 5        paragraph (17), "disabled  person"  means  a  person  who
 6        suffers  from  a  permanent physical or mental impairment
 7        resulting from disease, an injury, a functional disorder,
 8        or  a  congenital  condition  that  renders  the   person
 9        incapable  of  adequately  providing  for  his or her own
10        health or personal care; or
11             (18)  the murder was  committed  by  reason  of  any
12        person's activity as a community policing volunteer or to
13        prevent  any  person  from  engaging  in  activity  as  a
14        community policing volunteer; or
15             (19)  the  murdered  individual  was  subject  to an
16        order of protection and the murder  was  committed  by  a
17        person  against  whom  the  same  order of protection was
18        issued under the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of  1986;
19        or
20             (20)  the  murdered  individual  was  known  by  the
21        defendant to be a teacher or other person employed in any
22        school  and  the  teacher  or  other employee is upon the
23        grounds of a school or grounds adjacent to a  school,  or
24        is in any part of a building used for school purposes.
25          (c)  Consideration   of   factors  in  Aggravation  and
26    Mitigation.
27        The court shall consider, or shall instruct the  jury  to
28    consider any aggravating and any mitigating factors which are
29    relevant to the imposition of the death penalty.  Aggravating
30    factors  may include but need not be limited to those factors
31    set forth in subsection (b). Mitigating factors  may  include
32    but need not be limited to the following:
33             (1)  the  defendant  has  no  significant history of
34        prior criminal activity;
 
                            -7-                LRB9207914REks
 1             (2)  the murder was committed  while  the  defendant
 2        was  under  the  influence of extreme mental or emotional
 3        disturbance, although not such as to constitute a defense
 4        to prosecution;
 5             (3)  the murdered individual was  a  participant  in
 6        the  defendant's  homicidal  conduct  or consented to the
 7        homicidal act;
 8             (4)  the defendant acted  under  the  compulsion  of
 9        threat  or  menace of the imminent infliction of death or
10        great bodily harm;
11             (5)  the defendant was not personally present during
12        commission of the act or acts causing death.
13        (d)  Separate sentencing hearing.
14        Where requested by the State, the court shall  conduct  a
15    separate  sentencing proceeding to determine the existence of
16    factors set forth in  subsection  (b)  and  to  consider  any
17    aggravating  or mitigating factors as indicated in subsection
18    (c).  The proceeding shall be conducted:
19             (1)  before the jury that determined the defendant's
20        guilt; or
21             (2)  before a jury impanelled for the purpose of the
22        proceeding if:
23                  A.  the defendant was convicted upon a plea  of
24             guilty; or
25                  B.  the  defendant  was convicted after a trial
26             before the court sitting without a jury; or
27                  C.  the court for good cause  shown  discharges
28             the jury that determined the defendant's guilt; or
29             (3)  before  the court alone if the defendant waives
30        a jury for the separate proceeding.
31        (e)  Evidence and Argument.
32        During the proceeding any information relevant to any  of
33    the  factors  set forth in subsection (b) may be presented by
34    either the State or the defendant under the  rules  governing
 
                            -8-                LRB9207914REks
 1    the   admission   of   evidence   at  criminal  trials.   Any
 2    information relevant to any additional aggravating factors or
 3    any mitigating factors indicated in  subsection  (c)  may  be
 4    presented  by  the  State  or  defendant  regardless  of  its
 5    admissibility  under  the  rules  governing  the admission of
 6    evidence at criminal trials.  The  State  and  the  defendant
 7    shall  be  given  fair  opportunity  to rebut any information
 8    received at the hearing.
 9        (f)  Proof.
10        The burden of proof of establishing the existence of  any
11    of  the  factors  set forth in subsection (b) is on the State
12    and shall  not  be  satisfied  unless  established  beyond  a
13    reasonable doubt.
14        (g)  Procedure - Jury.
15        If  at  the separate sentencing proceeding the jury finds
16    that none of the factors set forth in subsection (b)  exists,
17    the   court  shall  sentence  the  defendant  to  a  term  of
18    imprisonment  under  Chapter  V  of  the  Unified   Code   of
19    Corrections.   If  there  is  a unanimous finding by the jury
20    that one or more of the factors set forth in  subsection  (b)
21    exist,  the  jury  shall  consider aggravating and mitigating
22    factors as  instructed  by  the  court  and  shall  determine
23    whether  the sentence of death shall be imposed.  If the jury
24    determines  unanimously,  after  weighing  the   factors   in
25    aggravation  and  mitigation,  that  death is the appropriate
26    sentence that there are no mitigating factors  sufficient  to
27    preclude  the  imposition  of  the  death sentence, the court
28    shall sentence the defendant to death.
29        Unless the jury unanimously  finds,  after  weighing  the
30    factors  in  aggravation  and  mitigation,  that death is the
31    appropriate sentence, that there are  no  mitigating  factors
32    sufficient  to  preclude the imposition of the death sentence
33    the  court  shall  sentence  the  defendant  to  a  term   of
34    imprisonment   under   Chapter  V  of  the  Unified  Code  of
 
                            -9-                LRB9207914REks
 1    Corrections.
 2        (h)  Procedure - No Jury.
 3        In a proceeding before the  court  alone,  if  the  court
 4    finds  that  none  of  the  factors  found  in subsection (b)
 5    exists, the court shall sentence the defendant to a  term  of
 6    imprisonment   under  Chapter  V  of   the  Unified  Code  of
 7    Corrections.
 8        If the Court determines that one or more of  the  factors
 9    set  forth in subsection (b) exists, the Court shall consider
10    any  aggravating  and  mitigating  factors  as  indicated  in
11    subsection (c).  If the Court determines, after weighing  the
12    factors  in  aggravation  and  mitigation,  that death is the
13    appropriate sentence that there  are  no  mitigating  factors
14    sufficient  to preclude the imposition of the death sentence,
15    the Court shall sentence the defendant to death.
16        Unless the court finds, after  weighing  the  factors  in
17    aggravation  and  mitigation  that  death  is the appropriate
18    sentence that there are no mitigating factors  sufficient  to
19    preclude  the  imposition of the sentence of death, the court
20    shall sentence the defendant to a term of imprisonment  under
21    Chapter V of the Unified Code of Corrections.
22        (i)  Appellate Procedure.
23        The  conviction and sentence of death shall be subject to
24    automatic review by the Supreme Court.  Such review shall  be
25    in accordance with rules promulgated by the Supreme Court.
26        (j)  Disposition of reversed death sentence.
27        In  the  event that the death penalty in this Act is held
28    to be unconstitutional by the Supreme  Court  of  the  United
29    States  or  of the State of Illinois, any person convicted of
30    first degree murder shall be sentenced by the court to a term
31    of imprisonment under  Chapter  V  of  the  Unified  Code  of
32    Corrections.
33        In  the  event  that  any  death sentence pursuant to the
34    sentencing   provisions   of   this   Section   is   declared
 
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 1    unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States or
 2    of the State of Illinois, the court having jurisdiction  over
 3    a  person  previously  sentenced  to  death  shall  cause the
 4    defendant to be brought before the court, and the court shall
 5    sentence the  defendant  to  a  term  of  imprisonment  under
 6    Chapter V of the Unified Code of Corrections.
 7    (Source: P.A.  90-213,  eff.  1-1-98;  90-651,  eff.  1-1-99;
 8    90-668, eff.  1-1-99;  91-357,  eff.  7-29-99;  91-434,  eff.
 9    1-1-00.)

10        Section  99.  Effective date.  This Act takes effect upon
11    becoming law.

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